Statistics of mentally deranged 1862
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The statistics of mentally deranged for 1862 came in my hands quite occasionally - I discovered a leaflet with this statistics in a heap of old documents I bought in wholesale. It seems that this leaflet was not torn out of a book but distributed in its time separately. Nothing on this leaflet informs about its author and publisher. The leaflet is called Bericht über den Bestand der Geistes- und Gemüths-Kranken Livlands zum 1. Januar des Jahres 1862. (Report on the state of the persons ill with mental and soul diseases to January 1, 1862 in Livland). It is clear the Report described the situation in the whole Vidzeme province including its Estonian part. The statistics was gathered by the estate of patients. This seems a rather funny idea for medical statistics, at least at the first glance, but evidently this approach was quite natural for the people in 1862. The nobility in this statistics are split in two parts - the nobility registered in the books (matricula) of the old nobility and the nobility that were not registered in these books. The first kind of nobility is mentioned in the following table as "Nobles imm." but the second kind as "Nobles nimm.". The meaning of other estates one may find in the special Page on estates.
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| Kinds of diseases | Nobles imm. | Nobles nimm. | Literats | Petty- bourgeois. | Peasants | Total | |||||||
| M | W | M | W | M | W | M | W | M | W | M | W | ||
| I | Blödsinnige, a) von Geburt Mentally deficient a) by birth |
2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 13 | 17 |
| b) später geworden b) became later |
3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 22 | 36 | |
| II | Tobsüchtige Frenzied |
1 | 1 | - | 2 | - | 2 | 2 | - | 4 | 5 | 7 | 10 |
| III | Von fixen Ideen Besessene Obsessed with an idee fixe |
5 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 24 | 28 |
| IV | Verrückt im Handeln Insane in action |
1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | - | - | 6 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 15 |
| V | Irre in Worten, bei ganz verständigen
Gedanken Crazy in speech but with intelligent thinking |
2 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 14 | 17 |
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Summa Total
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14 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 12 | 20 | 13 | 21 | 30 | 46 | 87 | 123 | |
| Davon sind aus Nr. II., III. u. IV.
zur Heilung in Irrenhäusern: From above mentioned of II, III and IV are treated in lunatic asylums |
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| Des Inlandes inside the country |
2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | - | - | 9 | 7 | |
| Des Auslandes abroad |
1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | |
| In privater ärtzlicher Behandlung: In private medical treatment |
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| aus of NR II., III. u. IV | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 9 | 8 | |
| aus of NR V | 1 | - | - | 2 | - | 1 | 1 | - | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | |
| In den Detentions-Anstalten aus Nr.1
a.u.b. In penitentiary institutions of I |
2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 11 | |
| Ganz ohne Behandlung Without any treatment |
7 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 6 | 12 | 7 | 14 | 19 | 34 | 51 | 84 | |
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Summa Total
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14 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 12 | 20 | 13 | 21 | 30 | 46 | 87 | 123 | |
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It is clear that medical aid for these illnesses was of a low level. Really, in lunatic asylums of the country were treated 22 men and 21 women - totally 43 persons, or about 25 persons for the Latvian part of Vidzeme [Livland]. It is known from medical statistics that in 1934 the number of patients in all lunatic asylums of Latvia was 1339 men and 1480 women i.e. totally 2819 persons or about 1200 for Vidzeme. One may propose that the share of mentally ill persons increased during the time period from 1862 to 1934, but, of course, not 50 times, therefore one should assume that the above statistics skipped a lot of mentally deranged whom nobody investigated and registered, except, maybe, those who belonged to nobility. |